History
Age of Revolutions and Political Ideologies
UPSC Mains world history — the Industrial Revolution, American and French Revolutions, Italian and German …
Bhakti and Sufi Traditions: Saints, Schools and Silsilas
Bhakti and Sufi traditions for UPSC — Alvars and Nayanars, the acharyas and their schools, regional saints, …
British Conquest of India: From Plassey to Punjab
How the East India Company conquered India for UPSC — Plassey, Buxar, the Mysore, Maratha and Sikh wars, …
Classical Dance, Music and Theatre
Indian performing arts for UPSC — Natya Shastra, the eight classical dances, Hindustani and Carnatic music, …
European Trading Companies and the Carnatic Wars
The Portuguese, Dutch, English, Danish and French in India for UPSC — settlements, key governors, the 1717 …
Gandhi and the Mass Movements (1917–1934)
Gandhian mass movements for UPSC — Champaran, Kheda, Rowlatt Satyagraha, Non-Cooperation, Civil Disobedience, …
History & Culture — Sectional Mock Test 1
A timed History & Culture sectional test for UPSC Prelims — 25 questions in 30 minutes with UPSC negative …
Integration of Princely States and Reorganisation of States
UPSC notes on integrating princely states (Junagadh, Hyderabad, Kashmir), the Dhar and JVP reports, Andhra …
Mahajanapadas, Buddhism and Jainism
Sixth century BCE for UPSC — the sixteen Mahajanapadas, rise of Magadha, life and teachings of the Buddha and …
Northern Kingdoms and the Tripartite Struggle
Early medieval north India for UPSC — Harsha, Palas, Pratiharas and Rashtrakutas, Rajput dynasties and …
Post-Mauryan Kingdoms and the Sangam Age
Post-Mauryan India for UPSC — Shungas, Satavahanas, Indo-Greeks, Shakas, Kushanas, the Sangam age, Roman trade …
Religious Reform Movements: Brahmo Samaj to Aligarh
Religious reform in 19th-century India for UPSC — Brahmo Samaj and its splits, Prarthana and Arya Samaj, …
Rise of Nationalism and the Moderates (1885–1905)
Rise of Indian nationalism for UPSC — causes, pre-Congress associations, founding of the INC, early sessions, …
Temple Architecture: Nagara, Dravida and Vesara
Hindu temple architecture for UPSC — parts of a temple, Nagara, Dravida and Vesara styles, their sub-schools, …
The Delhi Sultanate: Polity, Administration and Culture
Delhi Sultanate for UPSC — sultans, iqta and revenue, Alauddin's market reforms, Muhammad bin Tughlaq's …
The Harappan (Indus Valley) Civilisation
Harappan Civilisation for UPSC — phases, major sites and rivers, town planning, economy and trade, seals and …
The Mughal Empire: Administration and Culture
Mughals for UPSC — rulers and battles, Sher Shah's reforms, mansabdari, zabti revenue, Akbar's sulh-i-kul, and …
The Revolt of 1857: Causes, Course and Consequences
The Revolt of 1857 for UPSC — political, economic, religious and military causes; centres, leaders and British …
The Road to Freedom and Partition (1935–1947)
UPSC notes on 1935–1947 — Government of India Act 1935, August Offer, Cripps, Quit India, INA, Cabinet …
Vedic Society and Culture
Vedic age for UPSC — Vedic literature, Rigvedic rivers and tribes, early vs later Vedic polity, economy, …
Prehistory and the Indus Valley Civilisation
Stone Age, Chalcolithic and Harappan India for UPSC — tool cultures, key sites and rivers, town planning, …
British Administration: Acts, Land Revenue and Governors-General
Company administration for UPSC — Regulating Act 1773 to Government of India Act 1858, Permanent Settlement, …
Caste and Gender Reform: Phule to Ambedkar
Anti-caste and women's reform movements for UPSC — Phule, Sree Narayana Guru, Ayyankali, Periyar, Vaikom, …
Indian Literature and Philosophy
Indian literature and philosophy for UPSC — Vedic texts, Sangam literature, classical Sanskrit authors, …
Sculpture and Painting Traditions
Indian sculpture and painting for UPSC — Harappan and Mauryan art, Gandhara, Mathura and Amaravati schools, …
Shivaji and the Rise of the Marathas
Marathas for UPSC — Shivaji and his forts, Ashtapradhan, chauth and sardeshmukhi, the Peshwas, the …
Southern Kingdoms and the Cholas
Early medieval south India for UPSC — Pallavas, Chalukyas, Cholas, Hoysalas, Kakatiyas; Chola village …
Stone Age and Chalcolithic Cultures
Indian prehistory for UPSC — Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic tool cultures and sites, Bhimbetka rock …
The Extremists and the Swadeshi Movement (1905–1911)
Extremists and Swadeshi for UPSC — rise of assertive nationalism, partition of Bengal, boycott and national …
The Gupta Age
Gupta Empire for UPSC — rulers and inscriptions, administration, society, Kalidasa and Aryabhata, temples, …
The Mauryan Empire and Ashoka's Dhamma
Mauryan Empire for UPSC — sources, rulers, administration under the Arthashastra, Ashoka's Kalinga war, Dhamma …
Vijayanagara and the Bahmani Kingdom
Vijayanagara and the Deccan sultanates for UPSC — Krishnadevaraya, travellers, nayankara and ayagar systems, …
World Wars, Colonisation and Decolonisation
UPSC Mains world history — imperialism, First World War and Versailles, inter-war crisis, Second World War, …
Vedic and Later Vedic Age
Vedic India for UPSC — the Rigveda and later Vedic texts, Rigvedic rivers and tribes, polity, economy, …
Mahajanapadas, Buddhism, Jainism and the Mauryas
Sixth century BCE to the Mauryas for UPSC — Mahajanapadas, rise of Magadha, Buddhism and Jainism, Mauryan …
Post-Mauryan and Gupta Age
c. 200 BCE–550 CE for UPSC — Shungas, Satavahanas, Indo-Greeks, Shakas, Kushanas, the Sangam age, Gandhara and …
Early Medieval India
c. 600–1200 CE for UPSC — Harsha, the tripartite struggle, Rajput states, Arab and Turkish invasions, …
The Delhi Sultanate
Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526) for UPSC — dynasties, iqta and revenue, Alauddin's and Tughlaq reforms, …
The Mughal Empire
Mughal Empire for UPSC — rulers and battles, Sher Shah, mansabdari and revenue, Akbar's religious policy, …
Bhakti and Sufi Movements
Bhakti and Sufi movements for UPSC — Alvars and Nayanars, Acharyas, nirguna and saguna saints, regional …
Advent of the Europeans
Advent of the Europeans for UPSC — Portuguese, Dutch, English, Danish and French companies, their settlements, …
Advent of the Europeans — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on the Europeans in India with full explanations — company chronology, …
Bhakti and Sufi Movements — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on the Bhakti and Sufi movements with full explanations — saints and …
British Expansion and Administration — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on British expansion and administration with full explanations — …
Delhi Sultanate — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on the Delhi Sultanate with full explanations — token currency, …
Early Medieval India — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on early medieval India with full explanations — Al-Biruni, …
Early Nationalism — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on early nationalism with full explanations — INC founding, drain …
Indian Art and Architecture — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on Indian art and architecture with full explanations — folk …
Mahajanapadas and the Mauryas — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on the Mahajanapadas, Buddhism, Jainism and the Mauryas with full …
Performing Arts, Literature and Philosophy — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on Indian performing arts, literature and philosophy — UNESCO …
Post-Independence Consolidation — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on post-1947 consolidation with full explanations — princely states, …
Post-Mauryan and Gupta Age — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on the post-Mauryan, Sangam and Gupta periods with full explanations — …
Prehistory and the Indus Valley — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on Stone Age, Chalcolithic and Harappan India with full explanations — …
Socio-Religious Reform Movements — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on socio-religious reform movements with full explanations — …
The Gandhian Era — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on the Gandhian era with full explanations — early satyagrahas, …
The Mughal Empire — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on the Mughals with full explanations — Panipat, Sher Shah, land …
The Revolt of 1857 — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on the Revolt of 1857 with full explanations — causes, leaders, …
Towards Independence and Partition — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on 1935–1947 with full explanations — Cabinet Mission, Quit India, INA …
Vedic and Later Vedic Age — Practice Questions
UPSC Prelims-pattern practice questions on the Vedic age with full explanations — Vedic texts, Vedangas, …
World History — Practice Questions
UPSC-pattern practice questions on world history with full explanations — peace treaties, revolutions, …
Advent of the Europeans — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of the Europeans in India: Portuguese, Dutch, English, Danish and French settlements, …
Bhakti and Sufi Movements — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of the Bhakti and Sufi movements: saints by region, deity and text, Vedanta schools, …
British Expansion and Administration — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of British expansion and administration: battles and treaties, subsidiary alliance, …
Delhi Sultanate — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of the Delhi Sultanate, Vijayanagara and the Bahmanis — sultans and reforms, …
Early Medieval India — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of c. 600–1200 CE — Harsha, the tripartite struggle, Rajput temples, invasions, …
Early Nationalism — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of early nationalism: associations, INC sessions, Moderates and Extremists, partition …
Indian Art and Architecture — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of Indian art and architecture: temple styles, dynasties and temples, caves, sculpture …
Mahajanapadas and the Mauryas — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of the Mahajanapadas, Magadha, Buddhism, Jainism and the Mauryas — capitals, councils, …
Performing Arts, Literature and Philosophy — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of Indian performing arts, literature and philosophy: dances by State, music, theatre, …
Post-Independence Consolidation — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of post-1947 consolidation: princely-state integration, reorganisation commissions, new …
Post-Mauryan and Gupta Age — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of c. 200 BCE–550 CE — post-Mauryan dynasties, inscriptions, art schools, Sangam texts, …
Prehistory and the Indus Valley — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of Stone Age, Chalcolithic and Harappan India — stages, tools, key sites with rivers …
Socio-Religious Reform Movements — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of socio-religious reform: organisations with founders and years, publications, …
The Gandhian Era — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of the Gandhian era (1915–1934): satyagrahas, Congress sessions and presidents, pacts, …
The Mughal Empire — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of the Mughals and Marathas — battles, officials, mansabdari, revenue terms, monuments, …
The Revolt of 1857 — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of the Revolt of 1857: causes, key dates, centres with Indian leaders and British …
Towards Independence and Partition — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of 1935–1947: GoI Act 1935, British proposals compared, Quit India, INA, Cabinet …
Vedic and Later Vedic Age — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of the Vedic age — Vedic texts, Rigvedic rivers, early vs later Vedic polity, economy, …
World History — Quick Revision
One-page UPSC revision of world history from the 18th century: revolutions, unification, ideologies, world …
British Expansion and Administration
British expansion and administration for UPSC — Plassey to Punjab, subsidiary alliance, doctrine of lapse, …
The Revolt of 1857
The Revolt of 1857 for UPSC — causes, the greased-cartridge spark, centres and leaders, British commanders, …
Socio-Religious Reform Movements
19th- and 20th-century socio-religious reform movements for UPSC — Brahmo, Prarthana and Arya Samaj, …
Early Nationalism: Moderates and Extremists
Early nationalism for UPSC — pre-Congress associations, founding of the INC, Moderates and drain theory, …
The Gandhian Era
Gandhian phase of the freedom struggle (1915–1934) for UPSC — Champaran to Poona Pact, Non-Cooperation, Civil …
Towards Independence and Partition
Freedom struggle 1935–1947 for UPSC — Government of India Act 1935, Cripps, Quit India, INA, Cabinet Mission, …
Post-Independence Consolidation
Consolidation of India after 1947 for UPSC — integration of princely states, linguistic reorganisation of …
Indian Art and Architecture
Indian art and architecture for UPSC — temple styles (Nagara, Dravida, Vesara), rock-cut caves, sculpture …
Performing Arts, Literature and Philosophy
Indian performing arts, literature and philosophy for UPSC — classical dances, Hindustani and Carnatic music, …
World History
World history from the 18th century for UPSC Mains GS I — revolutions, industrialisation, ideologies, world …